diff --git a/database/live.db b/database/live.db
index cced5b2..dcc54c5 100644
Binary files a/database/live.db and b/database/live.db differ
diff --git a/public/index.php b/public/index.php
index 9a2be78..86cc759 100644
--- a/public/index.php
+++ b/public/index.php
@@ -38,7 +38,10 @@ router_post($r, '/character/delete', 'char_controller_delete_post');
 	Router
 */
 // [code, handler, params]
+stopwatch_start('router');
 $l = router_lookup($r, $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'], $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);
+stopwatch_stop('router');
+
 if ($l['code'] !== 200) router_error($l['code']);
 $l['handler'](...$l['params'] ?? []);
 
@@ -46,3 +49,8 @@ $l['handler'](...$l['params'] ?? []);
 	Cleanup
 */
 clear_flashes();
+
+/*
+	Stopwatch
+*/
+if (env('debug')) echo c_debug_stopwatch();
diff --git a/src/auth.php b/src/auth.php
index fd36f06..bf7df2c 100644
--- a/src/auth.php
+++ b/src/auth.php
@@ -76,3 +76,12 @@ function must_have_character()
 		change_user_character($char['id']);
 	}
 }
+
+/**
+ * The user must be authenticated and have a character.
+ */
+function auth_only_and_must_have_character()
+{
+	auth_only();
+	must_have_character();
+}
diff --git a/src/bootstrap.php b/src/bootstrap.php
index 38414b3..5f32871 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap.php
+++ b/src/bootstrap.php
@@ -23,6 +23,9 @@ require_once SRC . '/models/char.php';
 require_once SRC . '/controllers/char.php';
 require_once SRC . '/controllers/auth.php';
 
+// Track the start time of the request
+define('START_TIME', microtime(true));
+
 /*
 	Load env, set error reporting, etc.
 */
@@ -34,14 +37,19 @@ if (env('debug') === 'true') {
 	error_reporting(E_ALL);
 }
 
+stopwatch_start('bootstrap'); // Start the bootstrap stopwatch
+
 // Generate a new CSRF token. (if one doesn't exist, that is)
 csrf();
 
-// Have a global counter for queries
+// Have global counters for queries
 $GLOBALS['queries'] = 0;
+$GLOBALS['query_time'] = 0;
 
 // Set the default page layout
 page_layout('basic');
 
 // Run auth_check to see if we're logged in, since it populates the user data in SESSION
 auth_check();
+
+stopwatch_stop('bootstrap'); // Stop the bootstrap stopwatch
diff --git a/src/components.php b/src/components.php
index df713ae..41e64e8 100644
--- a/src/components.php
+++ b/src/components.php
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ function c_debug_query_log()
 /**
  * Render the character select radio buttons.
  */
-function c_char_select_box($id, array $char)
+function c_char_select_box($id, $char)
 {
 	return render('components/char_select_box', ['id' => $id, 'char' => $char]);
 }
@@ -88,3 +88,11 @@ function c_form_field($type, $name, $placeholder, $required = false, $autocomple
 	$html .= $errors !== false && !empty($errors[$name]) ? ' class="form control error"' : ' class="form control"';
 	return $html . " autocomplete=\"$autocomplete\">";
 }
+
+/**
+ * Render the stopwatch debug component.
+ */
+function c_debug_stopwatch()
+{
+	return render('components/debug_stopwatch');
+}
diff --git a/src/controllers/char.php b/src/controllers/char.php
index c636e1a..b9e5e2e 100644
--- a/src/controllers/char.php
+++ b/src/controllers/char.php
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
  */
 function char_controller_list_get()
 {
-	auth_only(); must_have_character();
+	auth_only_and_must_have_character();
 
 	$GLOBALS['active_nav_tab'] = 'chars';
 	echo page('chars/list', ['chars' => char_list(user('id'))]);
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ function char_controller_list_get()
  */
 function char_controller_list_post()
 {
-	auth_only(); must_have_character(); csrf_ensure();
+	auth_only_and_must_have_character(); csrf_ensure();
 
 	$GLOBALS['active_nav_tab'] = 'chars';
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ function char_controller_list_post()
  */
 function char_controller_delete_post()
 {
-	auth_only(); must_have_character(); csrf_ensure();
+	auth_only_and_must_have_character(); csrf_ensure();
 
 	$char_id = (int) ($_POST['char_id'] ?? 0);
 
diff --git a/src/database.php b/src/database.php
index d5b5a34..6de165a 100644
--- a/src/database.php
+++ b/src/database.php
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 /**
  * Open a connection to a database.
  */
-function db_open($path): SQLite3
+function db_open($path)
 {
 	$db = new SQLite3($path);
 
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ function db_open($path): SQLite3
 /**
  * Return a connection to the auth database.
  */
-function db_auth(): SQLite3
+function db_auth()
 {
 	return $GLOBALS['db_auth'] ??= db_open(__DIR__ . '/../database/auth.db');
 }
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ function db_auth(): SQLite3
 /**
  * Return a connection to the live database.
  */
-function db_live(): SQLite3
+function db_live()
 {
 	return $GLOBALS['db_live'] ??= db_open(__DIR__ . '/../database/live.db');
 }
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ function db_live(): SQLite3
 /**
  * Return a connection to the fights database.
  */
-function db_fights(): SQLite3
+function db_fights()
 {
 	return $GLOBALS['db_fights'] ??= db_open(__DIR__ . '/../database/fights.db');
 }
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ function db_fights(): SQLite3
 /**
  * Return a connection to the blueprints database.
  */
-function db_blueprints(): SQLite3
+function db_blueprints()
 {
 	return $GLOBALS['db_blueprints'] ??= db_open(__DIR__ . '/../database/blueprints.db');
 }
@@ -55,28 +55,32 @@ function db_blueprints(): SQLite3
  * Take a SQLite3 database connection, a query string, and an array of parameters. Prepare the query and
  * bind the parameters with proper type casting. Then execute the query and return the result.
  */
-function db_query(SQLite3 $db, $query, array $params = [])
+function db_query($db, $query, $params = [])
 {
 	$stmt = $db->prepare($query);
 	if (!empty($params)) foreach ($params as $key => $value) $stmt->bindValue($key, $value, getSQLiteType($value));
-	db_log($query);
-	return $stmt->execute();
+	$start = microtime(true);
+	$r = $stmt->execute();
+	db_log($query, microtime(true) - $start);
+	return $r;
 }
 
 /**
  * Take a SQLite3 database connection and a query string. Execute the query and return the result.
  */
-function db_exec(SQLite3 $db, $query)
+function db_exec($db, $query)
 {
-	db_log($query);
-	return $db->exec($query);
+	$start = microtime(true);
+	$r = $db->exec($query);
+	db_log($query, microtime(true) - $start);
+	return $r;
 }
 
 /**
  * Take a SQLite3 database connection, a column name, and a value. Execute a COUNT query to see if the value
  * exists in the column. Return true if the value exists, false otherwise.
  */
-function db_exists(SQLite3 $db, $table, $column, $value, $caseInsensitive = true)
+function db_exists($db, $table, $column, $value, $caseInsensitive = true)
 {
 	if ($caseInsensitive) {
 		$query = "SELECT 1 FROM $table WHERE $column = :v COLLATE NOCASE LIMIT 1";
@@ -104,8 +108,9 @@ function getSQLiteType($value): int
 /**
  * Log the given query string to the db debug log.
  */
-function db_log($query)
+function db_log($query, $timeTaken = 0)
 {
 	$GLOBALS['queries']++;
-	if (env('debug', false)) $GLOBALS['query_log'][] = $query;
+	$GLOBALS['query_time'] += $timeTaken;
+	if (env('debug', false)) $GLOBALS['query_log'][] = [$query, $timeTaken];
 }
diff --git a/src/env.php b/src/env.php
index d09dcdd..3fc1ab1 100644
--- a/src/env.php
+++ b/src/env.php
@@ -36,5 +36,12 @@ function env_load($filePath)
  */
 function env($key, $default = null)
 {
-	return $_ENV[$key] ?? $_SERVER[$key] ?? (getenv($key) ?: $default);
+	$v = $_ENV[$key] ?? $_SERVER[$key] ?? (getenv($key) ?: $default);
+	return match(true) {
+		$v === 'true'  => true,
+		$v === 'false' => false,
+		is_numeric($v) => (int) $v,
+		is_float($v)   => (float) $v,
+		default        => $v
+	};
 }
diff --git a/src/helpers.php b/src/helpers.php
index 6b31a1d..06b3fa7 100644
--- a/src/helpers.php
+++ b/src/helpers.php
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ function percent($num, $denom, $precision = 4): int
  * the data is up to date with every request without having to query the database every use within, for example, a
  * template. Will return false if the field does not exist, or the entire wallet array if no field is specified.
  */
-function wallet($field = ''): array|int
+function wallet($field = '')
 {
 	if (empty($GLOBALS['wallet'])) {
 		$GLOBALS['wallet'] = db_query(
@@ -188,9 +188,38 @@ function wallet($field = ''): array|int
 /**
  * Format an array of strings to a ul element.
  */
-function array_to_ul(array $array)
+function array_to_ul($array)
 {
 	$html = '';
 	foreach ($array as $item) $html .= "<li>$item</li>";
 	return "<ul>$html</ul>";
 }
+
+/**
+ * Start a keyed stopwatch to measure the time between two points in the code.
+ */
+function stopwatch_start($key)
+{
+	if (!env('debug', false)) return;
+	$GLOBALS['stopwatch'][$key] = microtime(true);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Stop a keyed stopwatch. Stores the time in the global $stopwatch array under the key.
+ */
+function stopwatch_stop($key)
+{
+	if (!env('debug', false)) return;
+	if (empty($GLOBALS['stopwatch'][$key])) return 0;
+	$GLOBALS['stopwatch'][$key] = microtime(true) - $GLOBALS['stopwatch'][$key];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the stopwatch value and format it to within 10 digits.
+ */
+function stopwatch_get($key)
+{
+	if (!env('debug', false)) return;
+	if (empty($GLOBALS['stopwatch'][$key])) return 0;
+	return number_format($GLOBALS['stopwatch'][$key], 10);
+}
diff --git a/src/models/char.php b/src/models/char.php
index c04a13e..34496bc 100644
--- a/src/models/char.php
+++ b/src/models/char.php
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ const currently = [
  * of overrides to set additional fields. A character's name must be unique, but this function does not check for
  * that. Returns the created character's ID.
  */
-function char_create($user_id, $name, array $overrides = []): int
+function char_create($user_id, $name, $overrides = []): int
 {
 	// Prep the data and merge in any overrides
 	$data = ['user_id' => $user_id, 'name' => $name];
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ function char_location_create($char_id, $x = 0, $y = 0, $currently = 0)
  * Create the character's gear table. A character's gear is where they store their equipped items.
  * @TODO: implement initial gear
  */
-function char_gear_create($char_id, array $initialGear = [])
+function char_gear_create($char_id, $initialGear = [])
 {
 	if (db_query(db_live(), "INSERT INTO char_gear (char_id) VALUES (:p)", [':p' => $char_id]) === false) {
 		throw new Exception('Failed to create character gear. (cgc)');
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ function char_count($user_id): int
 /**
  * Get a an array of id => [name, level] for all characters associated with an account ID.
  */
-function char_list($user_id): array
+function char_list($user_id)
 {
 	$stmt = db_query(db_live(), "SELECT id, name, level FROM characters WHERE user_id = :u", [':u' => $user_id]);
 	if ($stmt === false) throw new Exception('Failed to list characters. (cl)');
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ function char_list($user_id): array
 /**
  * Get a character's location info by their character ID. Returns the location's data as an associative array.
  */
-function char_get_location($char_id): array
+function char_get_location($char_id)
 {
 	// Get the location
 	$location = db_query(db_live(), "SELECT * FROM char_locations WHERE char_id = :p", [':p' => $char_id])->fetchArray(SQLITE3_ASSOC);
diff --git a/src/models/items.php b/src/models/items.php
index a40ad99..d10cbd9 100644
--- a/src/models/items.php
+++ b/src/models/items.php
@@ -57,10 +57,3 @@ const item_qualities = [
 	5 => 'Excellent',
 	6 => 'Masterwork',
 ];
-
-/**
- * Create an item
- */
-function create_item($name, array $type, array $opts) {
-
-}
diff --git a/src/render.php b/src/render.php
index 3f8e364..aba2e98 100644
--- a/src/render.php
+++ b/src/render.php
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ function page_layout($layout = '')
 /**
  * Shorthand to render a page with the current layout.
  */
-function page($view, array $data = [])
+function page($view, $data = [])
 {
 	return render("layouts/" . page_layout(), ['view' => "pages/$view"] + $data);
 }
diff --git a/src/router.php b/src/router.php
index 5a002b5..db128e9 100644
--- a/src/router.php
+++ b/src/router.php
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  * Example:
  * `router_add($routes, 'GET', '/posts/:id', function($id) { echo "Viewing post $id"; });`
  */
-function router_add(array &$routes, $method, $route, callable $handler)
+function router_add(&$routes, $method, $route, $handler)
 {
 	// Expand the route into segments and make dynamic segments into a common placeholder
 	$segments = array_map(function($segment) {
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ function router_add(array &$routes, $method, $route, callable $handler)
  *
  * @return array ['code', 'handler', 'params']
  */
-function router_lookup(array $routes, $method, $uri): array
+function router_lookup($routes, $method, $uri)
 {
 	// node is a reference to our current location in the node tree
 	$node = $routes;
diff --git a/templates/components/debug_query_log.php b/templates/components/debug_query_log.php
index 003f99e..f8334bb 100644
--- a/templates/components/debug_query_log.php
+++ b/templates/components/debug_query_log.php
@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
 <div id="debug-query-log">
 	<h3>Query Log</h3>
 	<p class="mb-2"><?= $GLOBALS['queries'] ?> queries were executed.</p>
-	<?php if (!empty($GLOBALS['query_log'])) foreach ($GLOBALS['query_log'] as $query) echo "<p>$query</p>"; ?>
+	<?php
+		if (!empty($GLOBALS['query_log']))
+			foreach ($GLOBALS['query_log'] as $query) {
+				$time = number_format($query[1], 6);
+				echo "<p>({$time}s) {$query[0]}</p>";
+			}
+	?>
 </div>
diff --git a/templates/components/debug_stopwatch.php b/templates/components/debug_stopwatch.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..383d6a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/templates/components/debug_stopwatch.php
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<div id="debug-query-log">
+	<h3>Stopwatches</h3>
+	<p class="mb-2">Page execution took <?= number_format((microtime(true) - START_TIME), 10) ?> seconds.</p>
+	<p>Bootstrap: <?= stopwatch_get('bootstrap') ?> seconds</p>
+	<p>Router: <?= stopwatch_get('router') ?> seconds</p>
+</div>
diff --git a/templates/layouts/basic.php b/templates/layouts/basic.php
index 5598f18..fccc412 100644
--- a/templates/layouts/basic.php
+++ b/templates/layouts/basic.php
@@ -46,10 +46,16 @@
 	<footer>
 		<p>&copy; <?= date('Y') ?> Dragon Knight</p>
 		<p>q<?= $GLOBALS['queries'] ?></p>
+		<p>qt<?= number_format($GLOBALS['query_time'], env('debug', false) === true ? 6 : 2) ?></p>
+		<p>t<?= number_format((microtime(true) - START_TIME), env('debug', false) === true ? 6 : 2) ?></p>
 		<p>v<?= env('version') ?></p>
 	</footer>
 
-	<?php if (env('debug', false)) echo c_debug_query_log(); ?>
+	<?php
+		if (env('debug', false)) {
+			echo c_debug_query_log();
+		}
+	?>
 
 	<script type="module">
 		import Tooltip from '/assets/scripts/tooltip.js';